Historical and modern centers

From the 6th century until the 8th century instead of the current Grobina the largest known Scandinavian trade and warrior colony in the Baltic States was located. Settlers from the inlands of Gotland and Sweden established their settlement at the hillock that was then located at the bank of the navigable Alande River. It is believed that the Cours Castle – Seeburg mentioned in the chronicles of the 9th century was located exactly here. After the loss of the order castle in the 13th century Grobina became the centre of the region. The most ancient construction of the city was formed around Lielā Street, as well as around Saules and Parka Streets.

For the first time Valmiera is mentioned in the historical sources in 1323. Until the 13th century this place was in the composition of Talava, inhabited by Latgalians. Construction of Valmiera medieval castle began in the beginning of the 13th century, but in 1283, between the Gauja River and Rate River towered church. Location near to the Tartu-Pskov and Novgorod trade routes greatly facilitated the economic development of the populated area. During the 14th-16th century Valmiera was a part of the Hanseatic League. It suffered greatly from wars, epidemics and fires in 16th to 18th century. In the second half of the 19th century the economic boom started again. It was also facilitated by the building of wooden bridge across the Gauja in 1866 and Riga-Pskov railway opened in 1899. Historic centre is destroyed in 1944. During post-war years, large industrial companies such as - Valmiera glass fiber factory (to this day) are opeating in the town. Today, Valmiera is economic, educational and sports centre of Vidzeme.

Kretoņu (Kretuonas) ezera dienvidu krastā (ezeru gan neredz aizauguma dēļ) meklējams Kretoņu ciems. Šķiet, ka šī vieta ir „aizķērusies" pagātnē. Cauri ciemam iet viena iela, kurai abās pusēs izvietojušās 19. – 20. gs. mijā (dažas pat mazliet agrāk – 19. gs. vidū) celtās saimniecības. Te redzamas gan dzīvojamās, gan saimniecības ēkas, kuras rada etnogrāfiska brīvdabas muzeja sajūtu. Dažas no tām gan ir „padevušās" laika zobam. Lai vai kā, šis ir viens no neparastākajiem nacionālā parka etnogrāfiskajiem ciemiem, kuru pa „galveno ielu" vērts izstaigāt visā garumā. Šim, tāpat kā pārējiem etnogrāfiskajiem ciemiem ir piešķirts kultūras mantojuma objekta statuss.

Die zentrale und auch schönste Straße in Trakai mit bunten Holzhäusern. Eins der seltenen Kenesa-Gebetshäuser der Welt – ein eingeschossiges Holzhaus mit einem bläulichen Dach.

Kuldiga is deservedly considered the most beautiful small town of medieval times in Latvia. Instead of it already in the 13th century the Bandava centre of the ancient Cours land was located. In 1242 construction of stone castle was begun at Venta Falls by the Livonian Order. Populated area formed beside the castle, which was the first to acquire the rights of a city in Kurzeme (in 1378). Significant was also its participation in the Hanza Union. From 1561 until 1795 Kuldīga was the capital city of Kurzeme Dukedom. Naturally, in the first half of the 17th century it experienced rapid economic growth, which was terminated by the beginning of the Northern War and plague epidemic. The pride of Kurzeme residents and the lack of larger industrial objects was the reason, why during the Soviet times larger masses of immigrants did not flood the city, therefore today Kuldiga is one of the most Latvian cities in Kurzeme. It is worth to visit Kuldiga and stay there for more than one day, because there is plenty to do here. Nature fans may observe the flying fish, but for researchers of cultural history a really vast field of work opens here.

Pilsētas rajons dienvidos no Ventas grīvas, kura mūsdienās redzamā mazstāvu koka apbūve sāka veidoties 19. gs. vidū. Ostgala pirmsākumi meklējami 1836. g., kad Krievijas valdība, solot priekšrocības, aicināja apkārtnes zvejniekus apdzīvot smilšaino un kustīgo kāpu pārņemto piekrastes daļu. Ostgals ir atzīts par valsts nozīmes pilsētbūvniecības pieminekli.

The history of Cēsis begins at the Riekstu hill, which is 18 m high and the surrounding area.  There was a wooden castle built by the Vendian tribe that stood there from the 11th to the 13th century.  The hill is in the central part of the castle’s park, and it offers a fine view of the park, a pond and the ruins of the Cēsis Castle.  A long staircase leads to the hill.  The Cēsis Castle was built in the early 13th century as the residence of masters of the Livonian Order, and it was one of the most fortified forts in the Baltic region.  Alongside is the New Cēsis Castle, which was built in 1777 in a place where gate fortifications had been before.  The building houses the Cēsis Museum of History and Art, and an annex contains the Castle Visitor Centre and the Cēsis Tourism Information Centre.  From the tower of the castle, we get a good view of the castle ruins, St John’s Lutheran Church and the northern stretches of the city.  Opposite the new castle is the stable of the Cēsis Castle Estate and a wheelhouse (both from the first half of the 19th century).  Today these house the Cēsis Exhibition Hall.  Other buildings include a granary, a hut for coachmen and an old brewery.  On the other side of the street is the romantic May park, which was installed during the 1830s.  Streets in Cēsis include Lielā Katrīna, Mazā Katrīna, Mazā Kalēju, Kalēju and Lielā Līvu streets and Līvu square with wooden buildings from the late 18th and early 19th century.  Torņa Street stretches along the walls of the Medieval castle.  Outside the church is a sculpture, “As the Centuries Pass By,” and legend has it that anyone who rubs the lantern of the Old Time Man can see the future.  One of the most impressive buildings in Cēsis is St John’s Lutheran Church, which was built in the late 13th century by the Livonian Order.  The Roman-style three-segment basilica has elements of Gothic design and a 65 m steeple that was installed in 1853.  The building was reconstructed several times during the 20th century and contains grave plaques relates to masters of the Livonian Order and local bishops.  The pulpit dates back to 1748, the oak altar was manufactured in 1858, and the altar painting “Crucified One” was painted in 1862.  The windows of the altar part of the church contain artistically valuable stained glass.  The organ was manufactured in 1907 by the E.F. Walker firm, and it is one of the best concert organs in Latvia.  The solar clock with the number 1744 is in the south-wester corner of the church.  It is worth scaling the viewing tower of the church.  At its foot is Rose Square, which was a market square from the mid-13th century until 1927 and was restored in 2008.  This is the central square in the city.  During the Middle Ages, a punishment pole and the city well were here.  Rīgas Street has been the main street in the old part of the city from the very start, and here we find most of the architecturally distinguished buildings from the 18th and 19th century – the former city hall, the Fābers house and the Princess house.  At one end of the street is Liv Square, where there a church, cemetery and the Rīga gate in the city’s walls existed in the 13th century.  Today the square is decorated by a lighted fountain at a place where a well was found in the 13th century.  On the other end of the street we find a reconstruction of the foundations of the Rauna gate from the 14th and 15th century, offering a good look at Medieval walls and the size and strength of the gates.  It is commonly claimed that the national flag of Latvia was born in Cēsis, but it must be emphasised that the flag that is mentioned in chronicles was designed in Cēsis in 1279 as the ideological prototype of the current Latvian flag, while the story of the first national flag actually comes from Valmiera, where it was sewn in 1916.

Dagda is mentioned in the historical sources of 17th century as a trader village. In 1772, Dagda district was included the Pskov province, but in 1802 - Vitebsk province. In 1905 widespread peasant unrest took place here, during which many important architectural monuments were destroyed. Town was not spared also by the two world wars. What's to see for the tourist here? In the centre of Dagda historical buildings - houses, built of red brick - the so-called "Jewish tradesmen houses" are preserved. Dagda is the only place in the Latvia, where every year is celebrated Anne's Day in the town's park!

Until 13th century, Smiltene region was a part of Talava country, inhabited by Latgalians. After Crusaders invasion it was won by the Archbishop of Riga, and he built a stone castle on the steep river bank of Abuls in 1370. The following wars and epidemics did not spare the development of settlement, nor the people. Present shape of the town began to emerge in 19th century along with the vigorous activities of owner of Smiltene manor first Lieven. Until the World War I, wood working factory, hydroelectric power plant (established in 1901, first in the Baltics), and other companies were operating in Smiltene. In 1944 when the German forces retreated, much of the Smiltene historical buildings were destroyed in the fire.

From the historical and architectural perspective, this is an interesting monument to urban construction between the 17th and 19th centuries.  Old Liepāja is in the area of the old market and Kuršu Square, where merchants sold their wares beginning in the 1560s.  Until 1792, Kuršu Square was also where punishments were implemented.  The current Pētertirgus pavilion was installed alongside the square in 1910.  A map shows that the network of streets has partly preserved the chaos of street planning that was typical in Medieval towns.

Kandava is first mentioned in the articles in 1230. In 1253 the Livonian Order built a stone castle at the upper part of Abava valley shore, at the foot which of an urban area formed. In the 17th century Kandava became an important trading centre. The plague epidemic and developments of World War I hit the town and its people hard. Kandava got the town rights in 1917. During soviet Soviet times, Sports Complex of Jaunkandavas agricultural Technical School became a popular training venue.

Ein einzigartiges Örtchen beiderseits des Flusses Minija, wo der Fluss eine „Hauptstraße” ist. Litauens Venedig.

This is an ancient populated area.  There were 50 homesteads here during the 1930s, with only ten remaining in 1990.  The Livonian scholar and entomologist Kārlis Princis (1893-1978) was born in Oviši.  In 1944, he emigrated to Sweden.  The Oviši lighthouse (1814) is 38 metres high and is the oldest functioning lighthouse in Latvia.  There are lovely views from the top of the lighthouse.  The building in which employees of the lighthouse used to live was erected in 1905 and has been preserved.  A narrow-gauge train station was in the building at one time.  The Oviši Lighthouse Museum is nearby, as is the metal Tree of Austra.  Opposite Cape Oviši is a great place for bird watching. 

Krāslavas centrālai daļai, kurai raksturīga mazstāvu apbūve ar skaistām koka ēkām, piešķirts kultūras pieminekļa statuss. Vislabākie skati uz vēsturisko centru paveras no autostāvlaukuma pie Adamovas takas, Karņicka kalna, tilta pār Daugavu (Prospekta iela) apkaimes un Priedaines skatu torņa Daugavas kreisajā krastā.

Pirmoreiz rakstos kā Domesnes minēta 1387. g. un ar šādu nosaukumu zināma līdz 20. gs. sākumam. Irbes – Ģipkas baznīcas grāmatā ir ziņas, ka 1770. g. Kolkā bija 4 sētas – Krogi, Ūši, Vecvagari un Kabriki. 1844. g. Kolkā ierīkoja ķesterskolu, kurā par skolotāju strādāja Nika Polmanis, bet Kolkas pirmo skolas ēku uzcēla 1881. gadā. Gandrīz pusgadsimtu par skolotāju tajā nostrādāja lībietis Kārlis Bernšteins (1881 - 1951). Par Dundagas dumpja, kas aizsākās 1859. g., vadoni uzskatāms Kolkas Sārnastu saimnieka dēls - lībietis Nika Šūbergs (1833 - 1884). 19. gs. beigās Kolkā bija 392 iedzīvotāji, bet 1935. g. no 343 iedzīvotājiem 145 ir bijuši lībieši. 20. gs. 80. gadu vidū lībiešu valodu Kolkā brīvi pārvaldīja 13 lībieši.

Kolka ir vienīgais jūrmalas lībiešu ciems, kas turpinājis attīstīties arī padomju pierobežas režīma apstākļos, jo kļuva par zvejnieku kolhoza centru. 50. - 60. gados strauji auga iedzīvotāju skaits, tika celtas jaunas mājas, skola un tautas nams, bērnudārzs, zivju pārstrādes fabrikas.

Tagad Kolka ar 700 iedzīvotājiem ir lielākais ciems Lībiešu krastā. Te strādā zivju pārstrādes fabrikas „Līcis-93” cehs, vietējie zvejnieki un zivju kūpinātāji, darbojas Līvu centrs „Kūolka” un lībiešu ansamblis Laula, bet Ūšos var degustēt lībiešu ēdienus.

Madonas centrālais laukums, kas vēl 20. gs. sākumā bija tirgus laukums. Pēc apjomīgās restaurācijas tas ir kļuvis par ievērības cienīgu pilsētvides objektu. Laukuma ziemeļu pusē atrodas pilsētas un novada pašvaldība un Madonas novada TIC.

Bijušais kursenieku zvejniekciems Kuršu jomas krastā. Jau no 19. gs. sākuma tas ceļojošo kāpu dēļ ir vairakkārt mainījis savu atrašanos un tagadējā vietā pastāv aptuveni gadsimtu. Ciematā uz dzīvi apmetās smilšu kāpu apbērto Nagļu (Naglių) un Karvaiču (Karvaičių) ciema iedzīvotāji. Kuršu kāpu mazākā ciema kultūrainavu veido gan gadsimtu vecas koka dzīvojamās ēkas, gan arī mūsdienās celtās. Kā vienas, tā otras kalpo g.k. kā vasarnīcas un viesu izmitināšanas vietas.

Ēdoles vārds ikvienam Latvijas apceļotājam saistās ar Ēdoles pili. Tās pirmsākumi meklējami 13. gs. vidū, bet pils piebūves tapušas 16. un 19. gs., kad izveidoja iekšējo pagalmu. 19. gs. 30. gados īstenotās pārbūves laikā pils fasādes ieguva tagadējo - neogotisko izskatu. Laikā no 16. gs. - 1920. g. Ēdoles pils atradās baronu Bēru dzimtas īpašumā. 1905. g. nemieru laikā to nodedzināja, bet 1907. g. atjaunota. Ēdoles pils saistīta ar daudzām leģendām un spoku stāstiem.

Madona, iespējams, ir vienīgā pilsēta Latvijā, kuras teritorijā ap 9. gs. atradusies ezermītne. Tās atliekas saglabājušās Salas ezera (Baznīcezers) ziemeļdaļā zem ūdens. Līdz 19. gs. beigām tagadējās pilsētas vietā atradās neliela muiža ar tādu pašu nosaukumu (Madona), ko latvieši sauca par Biržiem. 1898. g. tika uzsākta šaursliežu dzelzceļa celtniecība starp Stukmaņiem (Pļaviņas) un Valku. Attīstoties dzelzceļam, attīstījās arī pati pilsēta. Mūsdienās Madona ir sakopta Vidzemes pilsēta ar savu mazpilsētai raksturīgo šarmu. Interesanti, ka to var uzskatīt arī par vienu no visaugstāk reljefā novietoto Latvijas pilsētu.

Saldus vēstures dokumentos minēta jau 1253. g. Līdz 13. gs. te atradās senā kuršu pils Salden, kas arī attēlota pilsētas ģerbonī. Ap 1341. g. netālu no kuršu pilskalna Livonijas ordenis uzcēla pili, pie kuras izveidojās apdzīvota vieta. Savu uzplaukumu līdzīgi kā citas Kurzemes apdzīvotās vietas tā piedzīvoja hercoga Jēkaba valdīšanas laikā 1642. - 1682. g. Par Saldus dibināšanas gadu min 1856., kad sākās Ziemeļu karā nopostītās vietas atjaunošanas darbi. 2. pasaules kara beigās pie pilsētas norisinājās smagas kaujas, taču līdz pat 1945. g. 8. maijam pilsēta palika vācu armijas okupētajā Latvijas daļā. Mūsdienu Saldus piesaista ar saviem pasākumiem – pilsētas dienām, mūzikas festivālu "Saldus saule", kā arī dažādiem apskates objektiem, starp kuriem minama a/s „Druvas pārtika", kur var vērot saldējuma tapšanas procesu un Saldus pārtikas kombināts, kur var degustēt garšīgās konfektes „Gotiņa" un vērot ražošanas procesu.

Hāpsala kādzreiz bija aristokrātu iecienīta vieta, viņi mēdza šeit uzturēties vasaras laikā. Mūsdienās apmeklētājus vilina pilsētas šarms - mazās ieliņas, vecās koka ēkas un skaistā promenāde. Viens no iemesliem, kādēļ Hāpsala bija tik populāra kādreiz, bija SPA plašie piedāvājumi un iespējas, kas ir aktuāli arī mūsdienās. Interesants fakts: slavenajam komponistam Čaikovskim šī vieta bija viena no mīļākajām, kur pavadīt brīvdienas.

Pirmo reizi dokumentos minēts 1582. gadā. Pitraga sēkļos guļ daudzi nogrimuši kuģi. 1826. g. Pitragā uzskaitītas vienpadsmit sētas un 190 iedzīvotāji. 19. gs. vidū te atvēra krogu. 1937. g. ciemā bija 12 vecsaimniecības un 38 zvejnieku saimniecības (g.k. jaunsaimniecības). Ciemā bija vairākas zivju apstrādes vietas - kūres. Pitragā dzīvoja izcilā lībiešu valodas teicēja Marija Šaltjāre (Bertholde, 1860 - 1930), kura dalījusies ar vairāk nekā 200 pasakām un teikām, vairāk par 90 dziesmām, rotaļām u.c. Pitraga baptistu lūgšanu nams uzcelts 1902. gadā. Pirmā pasaules karā tas izdega, 1925. g. – to atjaunoja, bet 20. gs. beigās remontēja. Pitraga centrā Krogu mājās saimnieks izveidojis 27 seno lībiešu krasta žogu paraugus un piedāvā zivju kūpināšanu un degustāciju.

Hiiumaa galvaspilsēta.

Siguldas pils celtniecību uzsāka Zobenbrāļu ordenis 1207. g., bet 1236. g. to pārbūvēja Livonijas ordeņa vajadzībām. Siguldas pils stipri cieta 16. gs. otrās puses un 17. gs. sākuma karos. Ziemeļu kara laikā to nodedzina un vairāk neatjauno. Šodien ir apskatāms pils konventa ēkas dienvidrietumu korpuss un galveno vārtu tornis, aiz kura atrodas iekšējā priekšpils ar brīvdabas estrādi, no kuras paveras iespaidīgs skats uz Gaujas senleju. Dienvidos esošās Siguldas Jaunās pils celtniecība (īpašnieks - kņazs Kropotkins) norisinājās laikā no 1878. - 1881. g. No 1923. - 1940. g ēkā bija Rakstnieku pils, bet Padomju gados - kardioloģijas sanatorija. Kopš 2003. g. te atrodas Siguldas novada dome. Muižas kompleksā ir saglabājusies koka dzīvojamā ēka (19. gs. vidus), kurā atradās Kropotkina ģimenes mājas, klēts (18. - 19. gs. mija), dārznieka māja (19. gs.) un mūra žogs (19. gs.). Ja no Jaunās pils dosimies ziemeļaustrumu virzienā, pēc nepilniem 2 km nonāksim pie Vējupītes gravas. Tajā apskatāma seklā (3,6 m), bet augstā (6,1 m) Pētera ala un dziļā Pūču grava ar Kraukļupīti. Abu upīšu gravu saskares vietā paceļas Satezeles pilskalns (plakums 90 x 75 m), kur 13. gs. sākumā atradās līvu zemes vadoņa (vecākā) - Dabreļa ozolkoka pils. Netālu meklējama Kraukļu aiza - Vējupītes kreisā krasta sānu grava ar 11 m augstām smilšakmens sienām un 5,2 m dziļā Kraukļu ala. Vējupītes gravas un Gaujas senlejas saskares vietā slejas Paradīzes (Gleznotāju) kalns - ļoti ainaviska vieta, kas gleznota un fotografēta kopš seniem laikiem! Siguldas rietumdaļā var apmeklēt Panorāmas ratu (darbojas vasaras laikā) un Gaisa trošu ceļu (tramvajs) - Baltijas valstīs vienīgo (celts 1969. g.) šāda tipa transporta līdzekli. Tā nesošā trose stiepjas 1060 m garumā un bez atbalstiem savieno Gaujas senlejas krastus starp Siguldu un Krimuldu ~ 40 m augstumā virs Gaujas. Siguldas dienvidrietumu daļā var aizstaigāt līdz varenajai Beites kraujai, kuru pāršķeļ dziļa strauta grava. Gravas rietumu pusē meklējams Ķeizarskats, kas atrodas ~ 67 m virs Gaujas līmeņa ar labu skatu uz Krimuldu un Turaidas pili. Skatu vietu šeit iekārtoja jau 1862. g. kad Siguldā viesojies Krievijas cars Aleksandrs II. Gravas austrumu pusē novietots no koka veidotais Ķeizarkrēsls. Vietā, kur Gaujas senlejas labo pamatkrastu pāršķeļ vairākas mazu strautu dziļās gravas, izvietojies Turaidas muzejrezervāts ar Baltijas mērogā izciliem pieminekļiem, kuru vēsture iestiepjas 1000 gadu tālā pagātnē. Starp tiem ir jāmin Turaidas muiža (21 ēka), Turaidas Rozes kaps, Turaidas luterāņu baznīca (viena no vecākajām (1750. g.) Latvijas koka baznīcām) un Turaidas pils. Blakus esošajā Dainu kalnā tiek organizēti dažādi tematiski pasākumi.
 

Vēstures avotos minēts 1310. gadā. 1582./1583. g. Piltenes vaku reģistrā ciemā minētas astoņas sētas, bet 1731. g. Dundagas muižas vaku grāmatā – trīs. 1826. g. katrā sētā dzīvo 16 – 17 cilvēki, kopā ap 60. 1935. g. uzskaites dati liecina, ka Saunagā lībiešu valodu pratuši visi 49 lībieši, bet tikai 11 no viņiem ģimenēs runājuši lībiski. Saunaga Rūpniekos bija veikals, kura īpašniekam Kārlim Tilmanim piederēja brētliņu sālītava. Saunagā dzimis tālbraucēju kapteinis Arvīds Ludeviks (1912 - 1996). 1945. g. maijā viņš no Ventspils uz Zviedriju vadīja velkoni “Rota” ar latviešu bēgļiem. Kuģi aizturēja un kapteini izsūtīja uz Sibīriju. Saunagā dzimis tālbraucēju kapteinis Visvaldis Feldmanis (1938 – 2017).

Durbe ir mazākā pilsēta Latvijā ar slavenu vēsturi, kā arī mazākā pilsēta pēc iedzīvotāju skaita (ap 500 iedzīvotāji). Durbe jau pieminēta 1230. gadā kuršu līgumā ar Alnas Balduīnu. Durbes apkaimē 1260. g. notika slavenā Durbes kauja starp Livonijas un Vācu ordeņa apvienotajiem spēkiem un žemaišiem, kuru pusē pārgāja ordeņa karaspēkā iesauktie kurši. Durbē dzimis pirmais Latvijas ārlietu ministrs Z.A. Meierovics, kā arī dzīvoja un strādāja viens no pirmajiem Latvijas dārzkopjiem Sīmanis Klevers (1834-1922). Pateicoties viņam, apkaimes dārzos atrodamas daudzas retas ābeļu šķirnes. Durbes ģerbonī, kas ir apstiprināts 1925. g., - ir sudraba ābele. Apkaimē ir vairākas saimniecības, kas specializējas augļkopībā, un daudz aktīvu dārzkopju. Ik gadus septembrī notiek ābolu svētki.

Populārākais Igaunijas kūrorts ar plašu atpūtas un SPA piedāvājumu. Viena no retajām Igaunijas smilšainajām pludmalēm un siltā (sekls) Pērnavas līča ūdeņi. Vecpilsēta ar galveno gājēju ielu – Rüütli tee.

Jūrmalas pilsēta (piektā lielākā Latvijā) dibināta 1959. g., apvienojot Ķemeru un Slokas pilsētas ar Rīgas pilsētas Jūrmalas rajonu. Tā stiepjas 32 km garā Rīgas jūras līča piekrastes posmā. Jūrmalas kūrorts savulaik bija viens no nozīmīgākajiem šāda veida objektiem Ziemeļeiropā. To sekmēja vietējā un starpvalstu transporta un satiksmes (diližanss, tvaikoņi, vilciens) attīstība. Pirmos peldviesus uzņēma Dubultos, kur 1834. g. uzcēla pirmo viesnīcu, bet 1847. g. - pirmo kūrmāju. 19. gs. sāka darboties pirmās ārstniecības iestādes. No 1834. g. sākās strauja vasarnīcu izbūve. Kūrorta attīstību pārtrauca 1. pasaules karš. Pēc tā atkal bija vērojams straujš kūrorta uzplaukums no 12 tūkstošiem (1920. g.) līdz 32 tūkstošiem (1935. g.) atpūtnieku. Līdztekus Jūrmalai attīstījās arī Ķemeru kūrorts, kas masveida atpūtnieku raksturu ieguva padomju periodā.

Mūsdienās Jūrmala ir populāra koncertu, festivālu, izstāžu, sporta sacensību u.c. publisku pasākumu norišu vieta.

Ceļā uz Turaidu noteikti ir jāpiestāj pie Gūtmaņa alas. Tā ir platākā (12 m), augstākā (līdz 10 m) un apjoma ziņā – viena no varenākajām Latvijas alām (alveidīga niša), kas ir arī nozīmīga kultūrvēsturiska un nostāstiem (populārākais par Turaidas Rozi) apvīta vieta ar seniem sienu un griestu uzrakstiem (vecākie no 17. gs. beigām). No alas iztek avots, kam piemītot dziednieciskas īpašības. Vietā, kur Gaujas senlejas labo pamatkrastu pāršķeļ vairākas mazu strautu dziļās gravas, izvietojies Turaidas muzejrezervāts ar Baltijas mērogā izciliem pieminekļiem, kuru vēsture iestiepjas 1000 gadu tālā pagātnē. To iepazīšanu var sākt ar Turaidas muižas (pirmoreiz minēta 16 gs.) apskati, kas ir izcils Vidzemes muižas parauga piemērs. Līdz mūsdienām ir saglabājusies 21 ēka, kas celta no 18. gs. līdz 20. gs. sākumam. Apmeklētāji var apskatīt muižas stalli, ratnīcu, pirti, smēdi, zivju pagrabu, klēti, vagara māju, muižkunga veco dzīvojamo ēku, muižas kalpotāju dzīvojamo ēku, kalti u.c. Ejot Turaidas pils virzienā, nonāksim pie Turaidas Rozes kapa, ar ko saistīta leģenda par Turaidas Maiju, kas ziedoja savu dzīvību mīlestības vārdā. Blakus kapam aug diža liepa (sliktā stāvoklī), kas it kā dēstīta uz Maijas kapa. Tālāk esošā Turaidas luterāņu baznīca ir pēc kārtas trešais dievnams un viena no vecākajām (1750. g.) Latvijas koka baznīcām - vienjoma koka guļbūve ar barokālu tornīti. Tajā apskatāms altāris un kancele (18. gs. vidus), altārglezna "Golgāta" (17. gs. beigas – 18. gs. sākums) un vēstures ekspozīcija. Dainu kalnā plešas Tautasdziesmu parks, kura izveidi uzsāka 1985. g., atzīmējot latviešu dainu tēva - Krišjāņa Barona 150 gadu jubileju. Šobrīd tajā ir izvietotas vairāk nekā 26 tēlnieka I. Rankas darinātās akmens skulptūras. Te notiek arī ikgadēji folkloras pasākumi. Pirms Turaidas mūra pils celtniecības (uzsāka 1214. g.) tās vietā atradās lībiešu no koka celtā pils. Turaidas pils piederēja Rīgas bīskapam. Tā pastāvēja ilgu laiku - līdz pat 1776. g., kad nodega. 1953. g. te uzsāka plašākus restaurācijas darbus, atjaunojot Galvenā torņa augšējo stāvu, klēts ēku (ekspozīcija par Siguldas novadu), pusapaļo torni un pils kompleksa dienvidu korpusu. Tagad pils telpās ir izveidota muzeja ekspozīcija, kas vēsta par apkārtnes vēsturiskajiem notikumiem.

Ja mērķis ir savākt pilnvērtīgu etnogrāfisko ciemu fotokolekciju, ir jāapskata Strazdi (no lietuviešu valodas strazdai tulkojumā nozīmē strazds), kas ir pavisam neliela apdzīvota vieta Balošas (Baluošas) ezera ziemeļu krastā. Strazdi pirmoreiz rakstos minēti 1783. g. un ciema nosaukums cēlies no kādas mežziņu dzimtas uzvārda.

Bauskas vārds vēstures avotos pirmo reizi minēts 1443. g. Tas ir laiks, kad pussalā starp Mūsas un Mēmeles sateku uzsāka pēdējās Livonijas ordeņa pils celtniecību tagadējās Latvijas teritorijā. Pie pils – Ķirbaksalā - izveidojās apdzīvota vieta t.s. Vairogmiests. 17. gs. bija vērojams straujš pilsētas uzplaukums. Te darbojās zeltkaļi, sudrabkaļi, galdnieki, podnieki, kurpnieki un citi amatnieki. Vēlākajos gadsimtos pilsētnieki cieta no kariem, mēra un Napaleona armijas. Mūsdienās Bauskas vecpilsēta ar tikko kā no jauna uzcelto Rātsnamu un atjaunoto Bauskas pili ir viens no interesantākajiem Latvijas pilsētu vēsturiskajiem centriem. Bauska ir pazīstama ar saviem ikgadējiem pasākumiem - Senās mūzikas festivālu, Bauskas pilsētas svētkiem, Kantri mūzikas festivālu u.c. pasākumiem.

Mūsdienās redzamā vēsturiskā apbūve ap veco Tirgus laukumu ir veidojusies pēc 1881. g. ugunsgrēka. Kandavai raksturīgo pilsētvidi veido sētas ar saimniecības ēkām, noslēgtiem pagalmiem, caurbrauktuvēm un laukakmeņu mūriem. Tas aplūkojams Talsu un Sabiles ielās. Latvijas ainavai neierasta ir arī Lielā iela. Bruņinieku pilskalna piekājē ir apskatāms nesen (2010. g.) izveidotais Livonijas ordeņa pils makets.

Palanga is known to be the biggest by-the-sea resort in Lithuania because of its seacoast's main attractions - dunes and white sand. And because Palanga is a resort there are plenty of cafes, restaurants, bars and more for those who would like to enjoy a meal or a drink, for those who like active sport - there is possibility to cycle, go horseback riding, swim and much more. 

Pēterupes labajā krastā atrodas Saulkrastu vēsturiskā teritorija Pēterupes ciems. Domājams, ka ciems sācis veidoties ap lūgšanu namu (kapelu) tā sauktajos zviedru jeb katoļu laikos. Lūgšanu nams bija nosaukts apustuļa Svētā Pētera vārdā, tādēļ arī upei un ciemam dots tāds nosaukums. Pēterupes ciemu varam uzskatīt par vecāko ciemu Saulkrastu novadā. Pēterupē vecākie laikmeta liecinieki ir Mācītājmuiža, Pēterupes ev.luteriskā baznīca, doktorāts un vecais koka apbūves centrs. (Avots: Saulkrastu TIC)

The capital of Estonia. The Old Town of Tallinn - excellent medieval (14.-15th century) building monument. The former city of Hanza.

A small town on the way from Riga to Bauska. Town's name is first mentioned in written sources in 1492. Here you can see Lutheran Church and former Manor Park

Renda is a very old town, first mentioned in historical sources in 1230.  During the 13th century, Renda was one of the centres of the ancient Courlandian land of Vanema.  When Courland was split up in 1235, Renda was taken over by the German Order, and local residents were forcibly drafted into its military.  During the age of the Duchy of Courland (1562-1795), the region flourished despite wars, the bubonic plague and other problems, particularly during the rule of Duke Jacob (1642-1682).   During the 17th century, Renda became something of a manufacturing centre, churning out timber products, with local lime kilns, watermills, flax weaving facilities, a glass factory and a boiling house for saltpetre and soap.  Wine, perfumes and barrels were produced in Renda, as was cast iron for nails and many other things.  The court at the Jelgava Castle loved the sour wines from Renda.  All of this was destroyed during the Great Northern War (1700-1721).  During the 19th century, a chemicals factory was built on the site of the burned Renda castle, and nearby was one of the largest leather tanning plants in Kurzeme, along with a manufacturing facility for turpentine.  Cultural life began to develop in parallel to this.  Renda suffered much during the two world wars and the subsequent Soviet repressions.  The so-called Courelian Battalion of partisans went into the forests after the occupation to continue their struggle against the Soviet regime.  Renda today is a small and quiet village with the Lielrenda Estate, a local church, the “devil’s boat” at the Abava River, and the Īvande waterfalls.

Jaunpils development is linked to the Livonian Order's castle, which until now has hardly changed its building volume and appearance. From 1561 until 1919 it belonged to the barons Reki family. In 1905 the castle was burned down, but later it was reconstructed under the supervision of architect V. Bockslaff. Substantial castle restoration work began during the sixties of 20th century. Now in the castle is a museum, but gourmets can taste medieval dishes at the castle tavern.

This village is at the place where the Irbe (Dižirve, Īra) River flows into the sea, and it is on both shores of the river (sea side and land side).  The name of Irbe was recorded for the first time in a 1310 border agreement between the bishop of Kurzeme and the Rīga Dome Capitol.  The name of Lielirbe (Irvemūnde) was recorded for the first time in a document from an arbitration court in 1387.  At the end of the 19th century, the small port at Lielirbe was an active centre for the sale and transport of timber materials.  In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the largest number of sailing ships among villages on the western shore of Kurzeme was built there.  In 1939, the village had some 300 residents, more than 70 houses and a Baptist church which is now at the Ventspils Open Air Museum.  A narrow-gauge railroad passed through the village, which had a post and telegraph office, two grocery stores, an elementary school, a choir and a brass band.  Lielirbe was one of the largest villages to disappear after World War II.  Cultural historian Valda Marija Šuvcāne (1923-2007) was born in Lielirbe, and her daughter, Baiba Šuvcāne, is continuing her mother's work by writing important papers about life along the Livonian coastline.  By 2019, a bridge is to be reinstalled across the Irbe River.

Jaunciems has always been a small village, and only a few homes are populated today. Nearby there are leisure locations on the right bank of the Irbe River. Jaunciems is linked to Sīkrags by the former tracks of the narrow-gauge train. There is also a bridge for hikers and bicyclists.

The city of wind, amber and musicians. In the literature sources Liepaja was mentioned for the first time in 1253. The city strived as a trade harbour already at the end of the 16th century. Especially important was the ruling period of Kurzeme Dukes Jacob and Friedrich, when the export and import of Lithuania and Kurzeme goods was provided through Liepaja harbour. Instead of the Līva River that was filled with dune sand a channel was excavated and wharf was formed. The growth of the city continued in the 18th century also after the Northern War and the plague epidemic. When in 1795 Kurzeme was added to the Russian Empire, as one of the most important western harbours of the Empire the harbour of Liepaja developed even more rapidly. From the end of the 18th century until the 19th century Liepaja also became a popular recreation place for the aristocrats of Petersburg. At the end of the 19th century the construction works of War Port and fortress begun. The city became a military strategic place. It suffered hard during World War II. In 1967 the sea trade harbour terminated its operation in Liepaja and Liepaja became a closed city where the War Port was "a city within a city". Today the War Port and its offer is one of the top tourism spots in Latvia.

The ruins of the Koknese Castle are found where the Daugava and Pērse rivers flow together. The castle, which is on a floodplain, was built for the bishopric of Rīga in 1209, and it replaced an ancient Latvian castle that was made of wood. The castle was blown up by Saxon forces in 1701. A visitors centre is near the ruins, and there you can carve a Medieval coin or rent a boat to sail down the Daugava. Make sure to stroll through the Koknese park, which is alongside the ruins.

One of the youngest Latvian towns, in 2013 it will celebrate its twenty year anniversary. A number of significant scientific institutions in a Latvian scale is located in Salaspils (in Soviet times it was built as a science centre) - Institute of Biology, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Physics, National Botanic Gardens, former Salaspils nuclear reactor and the Forest Research Institute "Silava". Over the last decade the infrastructure has been developed, as well as wide areas of private houses are developed. In 1996 a new Catholic church was built in Salaspils. Most of the town residents commute each day to Riga for work.

is seen as the newest village along the Livonian coastline.  It was established during the 17th century.  Košrags had 78 residents in 1826.  The first reading school for Livonian children in the Dundaga seashore villages was opened at the Žoki homestead in 1832.  One of the teachers was Nika Polmanis, who was the first Livonian to have completed a professional education.  He also translated the Gospel of Matthew into the Eastern Livonian dialect.  Košrags had a windmill, water mill and boat building facility.  During the spring, job seekers from Saaremaa stopped here.  A port was installed in 1932, and a breakwater to collect sea fertiliser followed in 1938.  During the 1930s, Košrags was regularly visited by Finnish and Estonian linguists to study the folklore of the Livonians.  The Norpiedagi homestead was built by Livonian activist Didriķis Volganskis (1884-1968).  His son, Livonian cultural worker and pastor (in Finland) Edgars Vālgamā (Volganskis, 1912-2003) was born there.  He translated the Andrejs Pumpurs epic "Lāčplēsis" into Finnish.  Košrags today is a cultural monument of national importance.

Koguva village on Muhu island is an outstanding example of peasant architecture in Estonia. Farmsteads with dry stone walls are protected as an architectural monument. The museum complex comprises a wealthy seaside farm Tooma (Juhan Smuul, an Estonian author, was born here) with all its outbuildings and tools, a former village school and a textile exhibition.

"The heart of Latgale", where during the 9th – 12th century stood a fortified Latgalian castle. In 1285 Livonian Order began the construction of stone castle instead of Latgalian castle. After the collapse of Livonia (Rezekne in the composition of Poland) the city languished. Economic life in Rezekne restored in the second half of the 18th century. After the construction of St. Petersburg – Warsaw highway (1836) and railway (1861), Rezekne became a holiday destination for holidaymakers from St. Petersburg. During the World War II, buildings of the city significantly suffered. Today the town is an important economic and cultural centre of Latgale region.

Pavilosta is a comparatively new city that has formed at the mouth of the Saka River in the Baltic Sea. True is the fact that in the medieval times the harbour of sea ships was located 6 km from the sea – at the junction of the Tebra and the Durbe Rivers. Important period in the life of the harbour was during the ruling of Duke Jacob, when sea ships arrived here. As a result of the Polish-Swedish war the Saka harbour had to be closed. The harbour that's visible nowadays in the mouth of the Saka River was formed in the middle of the 19th century at the so called Akagals fishermen village. In 1878 the river mouth was excavated and piers were built. Here two-masted ships were built. The World Wars destroyed the fleet, but the fishery traditions remained alive. In 1991 the populated area acquired the status of a city. Nowadays Pavilsota is a popular target for yachtsmen and windsurfers, as well as summer recreation place. Yachtsmen are awaited at the yacht harbour.

In 1615, Courlandian Duke Friedrich Kettler (1569-1642) allowed Bauska to build a new city hall.  At the beginning of the 17th century, Market Square in Bauska featured the largest city hall in the entire duchy.  A lack of money led to the dismantling of the hall’s tower in 1852 and its second floor in 1871.  A new city hall was built in 2011, and now Bauska can be proud of a new and outstanding tourist destination that can also be entered.  The restored city hall offers a chance for people to weigh themselves and measure their height with old-time measurements.  Each person who does so receives a certificate to attest to his or her height and weight.

Already in the 10th century, an ancient village was located at the Sabile hill fort. After the division of Course land, Sabile was won by the Livonian Order, which built a stone castle (not preserved) here. Sabile is first time mentioned in written sources in 1253. During the 15th century an urban area started to develop at the castle. Town right was awarded to Sabile in 1917. Today Sabile is a small town, surrounded by many notable monuments. Roma culture is an integral part of Sabile and therefore, Sabile is also known as the Latvian capital city of Roma. Sabile has long been known for its wine-growing and oenological traditions, which have been reborn and enjoyable during the Sabile wine festival.

The town's name in historical sources was first mentioned in 1224. In 1340 Archbishop of Riga built a stone castle at the Latgalian hill fort (now - the Lutheran Church). In 1802 (owned until 1920) Vecgulbene estate was bought by Baron G. Wolf. Manors in the surroundings of Gulbene and Vecgulbene castle substantially suffered during the Revolution in 1905 and in the further historical events. Today, there is a substantial change in the landscape, especially in the area of White Castle, where a large-scale restoration works occurred in recent years. Either way, - Gulbene is the place worth visit to get new impressions and knowledge.

This is an urban construction monument that was created between the 17th and 19th century, and it is of national importance.  The street layout around Jelgavas and Rātūža streets forms closed blocks of buildings.  There are Lutheran, Catholic, Orthodox and Baptist churches in Jaunjelgava.  One of the most outstanding architectural monuments is City Hall, which was built in 1912 and features Art Nouveau forms.  None of the city’s five synagogues has survived.  The historical centre of Jaunjelgava features a promenade that runs along the banks of the Daugava River.  This is a popular place for strolls, leisure and swimming.

The Lutheran Church of Krimulda is considered one of the oldest churches in Latvia. It was originally built in the 13th century, soon after the conquest of Kubesele and later rebuilt many times. Near the church a meditation labyrinth "Lily Flower" is set up. When Liv chief Kaupo fell during the battle at Viljandi in 1217, according to the legend, the ash was buried at the church. A small hill adjacent to Runtinupite (Runtins) is popularly known as a grave site of Kaupo, at its right bank is located ~7 m long, artificially dug Kubesele or Runtin cave. On the left bank of Runtinupite columns the Kubesele hill fort. Kubesele nature trail starts at the church. This trail leads to the Gauja River, where the Great (Runtina) stone lies. Here can be seen anchor pads installed by Gauja raftsmen. Krimulda medieval castle (4 km east of Krimulda Church) was built the second half of the 13th century in the place where the right bank of Gauja valley is split by deep ravine of Vikmeste. Castle (residence of Riga dome capitol - Riga's Archbishop Council) was an imposing building, whose big inner yard was included by 1.5 m thick defensive wall. In 1601, while retreating, Swedish military leader Heinrich Lieven blasted Krimulda castle. Now at the hill fort, grown with the forest a small castle ruins can be seen. Nearby is located air cableway and starts Krimulda mountain road. Located nearby Krimulda manor was first mentioned in writings in the 15th century. Present manor castle was built in the 19th century in neoclassical style (owner - First Lieven). During the twenties of the 20th century, the castle after its alienation became a property of the Latvian Red Cross, which established here children's sanatorium. Nowadays the castle houses rehabilitation hospital "Krimulda", but from the farm buildings, manor stables, barn, servant, manager houses and the so-called Swiss Cottage and Park have been preserved. Thematic tours are offered here. If we go down the Gauja by boat, then we will be able to take a close look at about 15 m high Velnalas cliffs. They can be well seen also from the opposite - left bank of Gauja (resting place is established). In the middle of the cliff about 19 m deep and 4.7 m high Krimulda Velnala cave is located. If we go from the Velnala cave cliffs along the lower part of the right bank of Gauja in Turaida direction, you will see Pikenes cliff, rich with sandstone outcrops. At its foot ~ 1 km long Pikenes beaver trail is established. The Little Devil's Cave (5 m long) is on the side of the trail, with the Gudribas (Wisdom) spring that springs out of the cave, as well as Aunapieres cave which is the same length as Devils cave. Small oxbow lakes also can be seen.

Name of Ainazi is an integral part of the Latvian maritime history. The first Naval School, which was able to learn the Latvian peasant children, was established here in 1864. Naturally - Ainazi became an important Latvian coastal shipbuilding centre and port. Economic life of the town was also facilitated by the opening of Smiltene -Valmiera-Ainazi narrow-gauge railway line in1913. Today Ainazi is a small and quiet town on the Latvian - Estonian border with a number of interesting sightseeing objects.

Old Town Square is the city’s historic centre. It was here, on February 12, 1670, that Duke Jacob of the Duchy of Courland proclaimed the establishment of a town. During the early 20^th century, the square was covered in paving stones, and the city market was held there. On the sites of the square are the People’s Centre, the Unitarian Church and a tourism information centre. In the square are a water pump, an enormous scale, and a sculpture of a cougar, which is the symbol of Jēkabpils. From here you can tour the historical centre of Jēkabpils with its narrow streets and low-story buildings.

Aizputes pilsdrupas, akmens tilts pār Tebru, Jaunā pilsmuiža, ūdensdzirnavas un Sv. Jāņa luterāņu baznīca, kā arī 19. gs. beigās celtās koka ēkas starp Jāņa, Katoļu un Atmodas ielu veido neparastu pilsētbūvniecības kompleksu, kam piešķirts kultūras pieminekļa statuss. Staigājot pa vēsturisko centru, uzmanība jāpievērš ēku durvīm un to vērtnēm, logu ailēm, balkonu margām u.c. elementiem.

Ligatne history is inextricably linked to Ligatne paper mill. At the end 19th century and beginning of 20th century here was built houses, schools, maternity homes, hospitals, clubs, guest houses and other buildings for workers that have survived to the present. During the Soviet period Ligatne mill produced mainly school exercise books, which was sent to all the Soviet republics. Nowadays, the main raw material is recovered paper used for production of wrapping paper. Ligatne paper mill is the only one functioning Latvian company of this kind, and it can be explored with a local guide. Historic centre of Ligatne paper mill has been awarded the status of cultural monument. In the northern part of Ligatne - Gauja river bank the only functioning Gauja river ferry can be found and the only river ferry in the Baltic States, which is powered by river current. The ferry is vehicle of local scale. In the west of Ligatne, Ligatne nature trails are located; where close to natural environment conditions (the best object of this type in the Baltic States) lives red deer, roe deer, wild boar, fox and lynx. Within the territory of Ligatne nature trail a dense network of hiking trails and paved road - cycling route has been created, during the winter it becomes a cross-country ski track. A modern visitor centre is available here. East of Ligatne at Ligatne rehabilitation centre a unique place on the Europen scale can be found - a former Soviet secret bunker that was built as the main living and working place of Latvian senior military and civilian persons in case the nuclear or chemical weapons were used. Bunker was opened in 2003; therefore it remained intact to this day. On the way from Augsligatne to Ligatne go to see Vienkoci Park, where you can explore boats made of single wood peace by the creator of Park Richard Vidzicka, look at the different building models, sand home, and participate in themed activities.

Liela meža masīva vidū gleznainās Būkas (Būka) upes krastos starp kokiem ieslēpies teiksmainais Vaišnoriškes ciems. Šis ir viens no skaistākajiem nacionālā parka etnogrāfiskajiem ciemiem. Vaišnoriške kā apdzīvota vieta sākusi veidoties 1756. g., kad šeit sena vēsturiska ceļa malā darbojies krogs. Pirmā viensēta ciematā ir zināma no 1830. g. Šodien redzamā apbūve ir tapusi g.k. 20. gs. sākumā. Ciems ir palicis cilvēku atmiņās ar liepu medu, jo meža velšu vākšana un biškopība bija viena no galvenajām šejieniešu nodarbēm. Tagad ciemā ir piecas sētas. No Vaišnoriškes var uzsākt laivu braucienu pa seklo un dzidro Būku.

It is believed that at the Kezberkalnins of Limbazi has been Lemisele castle of Metsepole Liv district. It is also found in the reports that merchants travelled to this place from the sea by Svētupe and Dunezers until the 16th century. In 1223 Bishop Albert built a stone castle in Limbazi. Like Valmiera, Limbazi became the member of Hanseatic League. At the beginning of 16th century it economic role declined significantly since Svētupe and Dunezers became unusable for shipping. Between the 16th and 18th centuries, the town and its people suffered from wars, diseases and fires. As a result, the population reached its utmost fall - eight people. In the turn of 19th and 20th century and in the beginning of 20th century the economic life of the town was renewed.

A small settlement on the banks of the River Daugava, between Aizkraukle and Jaunjelgava. Skriveru region is associated with the life and work of popular Latvian author A. Upitis. Near Skriveri lies the oldest arboretum in Latvia. Its establishment in 1891 was started by the owner of Skriveru manor Maximilian von Siverss. In the park there are about 400 plant species, varieties and forms. One of the finest views of the Daugava will open from the so-called Krauklu Mountains – steep upper part of the right riverbank, which is an ancient hill fort.

The largest city near the Liv Coastline, where visitors will find the Ventspils branch of the Liv Association and the Liv ensemble "Rāndalist." In nearby Tārgale are the Liv ensembles "Kāndla" and "Piški kāndla."

Schon seit der früheren Zeiten – ein Platz von der militärischen und strategischen Bedeutung. Für den Schutz des Hafens von Klaipeda wurde 1866 von preussischer Militär den Bau einer Festung angefangen. Im Laufe des 2.Weltkriegs wurde die Festung in die Luft gesprängt. Die Renovierung begann 1979.

Vēstures avotos pirmoreiz minēta 1483. g. Pilsētas uzplaukums bija vērojams pēc dzelzceļa uzbūvēšanas 19. gs. beigās, kad barons Korfs sadalīja un iznomāja apbūvei muižas zemi. Pilsētas tiesības Priekule ieguva 1928. g. Pilsēta smagi cieta 2. pasaules kara pēdējos mēnešos, - t.s. Kurzemes katla laikā, kuru laikā tika sagrautas 410 no 450 ēkām. Mūsdienās tā ir neliela pilsētiņa ar mazstāvu apbūvi un nesteidzīgu dzīves ritmu.

Third biggest island in Estonia. Full of beautiful grown junipers, little dolomite outcrop on the coast of the sea and fishermen villages on the coastline.

Arī 18. novembra laukums. Tas sācis veidoties 18. gadsimtā kā tirgus laukums. Tā dominantes bija 1752. g. celtais rātsnams (nav saglabājies) un aptieka, kas šajā ēkā darbojas no 1810. g. līdz pat mūsdienām. 2010. gadā laukumā izveidota strūklaka, kam ir pilsētas ģerboņa forma.

Seda is one of the most unusual towns in Latvia. It began its life as a housing area for people from the local peat moss factory, and that happened in the 1950s and 1960s. This is a “vivid” example of Soviet architecture, with a central square (complete with a monument to the Leader) and streets radiating from it. Worth a visit is the cultural centre at the end of Uzvaras Street. It is a great example of so-called Stalinist Classicism architecture.

Zusammen mit der Stadt Valga in Estland ist Valka eine einzigartige grenznahe Zwillingsstadt.

Die Besichtigung der Stadt Sigulda kann man mit dem Besuch der Burgruinen anfangen. Mit dem Bau der Burg hat der Schwertbrüderorden im Jahr 1207 begonnen, aber im Jahr 1236 wurde die Burg für die Bedürfnisse des Livländischen Ordens umgebaut. Die Burg hat sehr stark in den Kriegen in der zweiten Hälfte des 16. Jhs. und am Anfang des 17. Jhs. gelitten. Während des Nordischen Krieges wurde die Burg niedergebrannt und danach nicht mehr erneuert. Heute kann man das südwestliche Gebäude des Konvents und den Turm des Haupttors besichtigen, hinter dem sich die innere Vorburg mit einer Freilichtbühne befindet, aus der sich eine eindrucksvolle Aussicht auf das Urstromtal von Gauja eröffnet. Zurzeit werden in den Burgruinen Rekonstruktionsarbeiten durchgeführt. Das Neue Schloss von Sigulda, das sich im Süden befindet, wurde von 1878 bis 1881 (der Inhaber – Fürst Kropotkin) gebaut. Von 1923 – 1940 befand sich in diesem Gebäude das sogenannte Schloss der Schriftsteller, aber während der Sowjetzeit – ein kardiologisches Sanatorium. Seit 2003 befindet sich hier die Kreisverwaltung von Sigulda. In dem Landgutkomplex haben sich ein Wohnhaus aus Holz (Mitte des 19. Jhs.), wo die Familie von Kropotkin wohnte, eine Kornkammer (Jahrhundertwende 18.-19. Jh.), ein Gartenhaus (19. Jh.) und ein gemauerter Zaun (19. Jh.) erhalten. Falls wir von dem Neuen Schloss nach Nordosten gehen, werden wir in fast 2 km an dem Tal des Flusses Vējupīte kommen, wo man die flache (3,6 m), aber hohe (6,1 m) Höhle Pētera ala (die Höhle von Peter) und das Tal Pūču grava (Eulental) mit dem kleinen Fluss Kraukļupīte besichtigen kann. An der Stelle, wo sich die beiden Täler zusammentreffen, erhebt sich der Burgberg von Satezele (Hügelfläche 90 x 75 m), wo sich im 13. Jh. die Burg aus Eichenholz von Dabrelis befand, der der Leiter (der Älteste) der Liven war. Unweit kann man das Tal Kraukļu aiza (Rabenschlucht) – das Seitental des linken Ufers von Vējupīte mit 11 m hohen Sandsteinwänden – und die 5,2 m tiefe Höhle Kraukļu ala (Rabenhöhle) finden. An der Stelle, wo sich das Tal von Vējupīte und das Urstromtal von Gauja zusammentreffen, erhebt sich der Hügel Paradīzes (Gleznotāju) kalns (Paradiesberg oder Malerberg), der landschaftlich ein sehr schöner Ort und schon seit alten Zeiten gemalt und fotografiert worden ist! Zum Hügel Paradīzes kalns kann man mit einem Elektromobil gelangen. Im Westen von Sigulda kann man das Panoramarad (geöffnet während der Sommersaison) und die Luftseilbahn benutzen, die 1969 gebaut wurde und in den baltischen Ländern als einziges Transportmittel seiner Art ist. Das Tragseil der Bahn ist 1060 m lang und ohne Stützen verbindet es in der Höhe von ungefähr 40 m über den Fluss Gauja die Ufer des Urstromtales Gauja zwischen Sigulda und Krimulda. Hier eröffnen sich wunderbare Aussichten! Im Südwesten von Sigulda kann man bis zur Steilwand Beites krauja spazieren, die von einem Tal eines Baches durchgespaltet wird. Im Westen des Tals befindet sich der Ort Ķeizarskats (Kaiseraussicht), der sich ungefähr 67 m über den Fluss Gauja erhebt und aus dem man eine gute Aussicht nach Krimulda und zur Burg von Turaida hat. Dieser Aussichtspunkt wurde hier schon 1862 eingerichtet, als Sigulda der russische Kaiser Alexander III besucht hat. Im Osten des Tals befindet sich der aus Holz gebildete Ķeizarkrēsls (Kaiserstuhl).

In Ģipka wurde die erste Seefahrtschule in Kurland gegründet! Es geschah 1869 – einige Jahre nach der Gründung der Seefahrtschule in Ainaži. Diese Seefahrtschule war der 2. Kategorie, die die Steuermänner auf großer Fahrt und Kapitäne der Küstenschifffahrt vorbereitete. 1894 wurde die Schule nach Mazirbe verlegt. Vor der Eröffnung der Seefahrtschule befand sich seit 1860 in diesem Gebäude eine Schule, aber 1867 wurde für die Bedürfnisse der Seefahrtschule einen zweiten Stock gebaut. Das Gebäude ist bis heutzutage erhalten geblieben und ist in ein Wohnhaus umgebaut. Die Seefahrtschule (in Ģipka und Mazirbe) hat während ihrer 28-jahrigen Existenz mehr als 200 professionelle Seeleute vorbereitet und den Schiffbau in den livischen Küstensiedlungen gefördert. (Die Quelle: Roja TIZ) 

Helsinki is the capital of Finland and the biggest city in Finland. It offers a lot to see as it is seaside city surrounded by islands but city itself is full of wonderful parks. This city has everything to attract all kinds of people - from architecture and culture to nature and even has wide range of places where to enjoy night-time Helsinki.